The Immortal Emperor Page 15

  There may well be others who claim the heritage of the imperial Byzantine family of Palaiologos. None of them, however, can do more than try to prove the title through collateral descent. For the last Emperor Constantine died childless and unmarried. It was one of the several misfortunes that had dogged his unhappy life. His father Manuel II, when the Turks were at the gates of Constantinople in 1397, had uttered this prayer: `Lord Jesus Christ, let it not come to pass that the great multitude of Christian people should hear it said that it was in the days of the Emperor Manuel that the City, with all its sacred and venerable monuments of the faith, was delivered to the infidel.'35 This was the ultimate misfortune of his son Constantine Palaiologos, the last Emperor of the Romans. He had prayed that he might be killed rather than live to see the consequences. He was fortunate only in that his last prayer was answered.

  BIBLIOGRAPHY

  COLLECTIONS OF SOURCES

  Dolger, F., Facsimiles byzantinischer Kaiserurkunden (Munich, 1931) Regesten der Kaiserurkunden des ostromischen Reiches, V : 1341-1453 (Munich-Berlin, 1965), (cited as DR)

  Ellissen, A., Analekten der mittel- and neugriechischen Literatur, 5 vols. (Leipzig, 1855-82)

  Hofmann, G., ed. Epistolae Pontificiae ad Concilium Florentinum spectantes, III (Concilium Florentinum: Documenta et Scriptores, Series A, I: Rome, 1946)

  Hopf, C., Chroniques greco-romanes inedites ou peu connues (Berlin, 1873)

  Jorga, N., Notes et Extraits pour servir a l'histoire des Croisades au XVe siecle, 6 vols. (Paris, 1899-1901, 1916)

  Kournoutos, G., Aoytot -rigs ToupKoKpaTias, I (Baal d Bt(3ato8TjKin: Athens, 1956)

  Krekic, B., Dubrovnik (Raguse) et le Levant au Moyen Age (Paris-La Haye, 1961)

  Lambros, Sp. P., Movq 6iat Kai 9pijvot ETri T~ aXwaEi rijs Kcava-rav tvo- vTroaEws, NE, 5 (1908), 19o-z69 Tla?ato? 6yEta Kai TTE?oTrovvTWQtaK6, 4 vols. (Athens, 1912-30) (cited as Lambros, PP)

  Legrand, E., Bibliotheque grecque vulgaire, 1o vols. (Paris, 188o-1913) Bibliographie hellenique ou Description raisonnee des ouvrages publies par des Grecs au dix-septieme siecle, v (Paris, 1903)

  Dossier Rhodocanakis. Etude critique de bibliographie et d'histoire litteraire (Paris, 1895)

  Recueil de chansons populaires grecques (Collection de Monuments pour servir a l'etude de la langue neo-hellenique, nouvelle serie, I) (Paris, 1874)

  Melville Jones, J. R., The Siege of Constantinople 1453. Seven Contemporary Accounts (Amsterdam, 1972)

  Pertusi, A., ed., La Caduta di Costantinopoli, I: Le testimonianze dei contemporanei; II: L'eco nel mondo (Fondazione Lorenzo Valla: Verona, 1976) (cited as Pertusi, Caduta, I, II)

  Pertusi A., ed. Carile, A., Testi inediti e poco noti sulla caduta di Costantinopoli (II mondo medievale, Sezione di storia bizantina e slava, 4: Bologna, 1983) (cited as Pertusi-Carile, Testi).

  Politis, N. G., Paradoseis. ME?ETai TrEpl TOO pi00 Kai TITS yawaat)S TOU 'E?ar)vixoO AaoO. Ilapa56aE1S (BipaloO1 KTI Mapaaarl), z vols. (Athens, 1904)

  Sathas, C. N., Meaatwvtxi Btpato0rjxrl. Bibliotheca Graeca medii aevi, 7 vols. (Venice and Paris, 1872-94)

  MvTlpET& E1Tr)v1Kijs ia-ropias. Documents inedits relatifs a l'histoire de la Grece au moyen age, 9 vols. (Paris, 1880-90)

  Schreiner, P., ed. Chronica Byzantina breviora: Die byzantinischen Klein- chroniken, 3 vols. (Vienna, 1975, 1977, 1979) (cited as Schreiner, Chron. brev.)

  Thiriet, F., Regestes des deliberations du Senat de Venise concernant la Romanie, 3 vols. (Paris-La Haye, 1958-61)

  Vassiliev, A., Anecdota graeco-byzantina, I (Moscow, 1893)

  Wagner, W., Medieval Greek Texts (London, 1876)

  Zepos, J. and Zepos, P., Jus Graecoromanum, 8 vols. (Athens, 1931)

  INDIVIDUAL SOURCES

  Abraham of Ankara, Lament on the Fall of Constantinople, ed. (in Italian translation) Pertusi, Caduta, 11, pp. 412-19; ed. (in German translation) M. B. Krikorian and W. Seibt, Die Eroberung Konstantinopels im Jahre 1453 aus Armenischer Sicht (Byzantinische Geschichtsschreiber, XIII) (Graz-Vienna-Cologne, 1981)

  Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini, Cosmographia. Historia de Europa, VII (in Opera quae extant omnia [Basle, 1571])

  Letters, ed. R. Wolkan, Der Briefwechsel des Eneas Silvius Piccolomini (Vienna, 1918) ; ed. Pertusi, Caduta, II, pp. 44-67 (see also Pius II, Pope)

  Agallianos, Theodore, Chronicle, ed. Schreiner, Chron. brev., II, pp. 635-6

  Anonimo russo, On the Capture of Cargrad (Constantinople), ed. Pertusi, Caduta, II, p. 4o6 (Italian translation)

  Anonimo tedesco, Carmen de desolacione civitatis Constantinopolitanae, ed. Pertusi-Carile, Testi, pp. 254-7.

  Anonymi Monodia, ed. Lambros, NE, 5 (1908), 24z-7

  Anonymi Monodia de capta Constantinopoli, ed. Lambros, NE, 5 (1908), 248-50; ed. Pertusi-Carile, Testi, pp. 326-51

  Anonymous, 'Avaxo&Xnjia riS Kwva-rav-rtvo6rroar15, ed. E. Kriaras (Thessaloniki, 1965)

  Apostolis, Michael, Address to the Emperor Constantine, ed. Lambros, PP, IV, PP. 83-7

  Argyropoulos, John, Works, ed. Sp. P. Lambros, 'Apyvpoiroi?eta. 'Iw&vvou 'Apyvporrouaou noyot, Tipaypa-reiat, 'ETrioro?ai (Athens, 1910)

  Ashik Pasha-Zade, History, ed. Pertusi-Carile, Testi, pp. 240-1

  Barbaro, Nicola, Giornale dell' assedio di Costantinopoli 1453, ed. E. Cornet (Vienna, 1856); translated by J. R. Jones, Nicole Barbaro, Diary of the Siege of Constantinople (New York, 1969) ; ed. Pertusi, Caduta, 1, PP. 5-38

  Bessarion, Cardinal, Funeral Oration on the Empress Helena Palaiologina, ed. Lambros, PP, III, pp. 281-3

  Letter to Constantine Palaiologos, ed. Lambros, PP, IV, pp. 32-45

  Cambini, Commentario de Andrea Cambini fiorentino della origine de Turchi et imperio della casa Ottomana (Venice, 1538)

  Chalkokondyles, Laonikos, Historiae, ed. E. Darko, Laonici Chalcocondylae Historiarum Demons trationes, z vols. (Budapest, 1922-7)

  Chronikon ton Tourkon Soultanon, Xpovixov -rwv Tovpxwv lovkravwv, ed. G. T. Zoras (Athens, 1958) (see also Zachariadou, E. A.)

  Crusius, Martinus, Turco-Graeciae libri octo (Basle, 1584)

  Dlugosz, Jan, Historiae Polonicae, lib. XII, ed. Pertusi-Carile, Testi, pp. zz8-37

  Dokeianos, John, Address to the Despot Constantine, ed. Lambros, PP, 1, pp. 131-5; Encomium of the Emperor Constantine Palaiologos, ed. Lambros, PP, 1, pp. 121-31; Letters to the Despot Constantine, ed. Lambros, PP, I, pp. 2.41-8

  Doukas (Ducas), Istoria Turco-Bizantind (1341-1462), ed. V. Grecu (Bucharest, 1958) ; translated by H. J. Magoulias, Doukas. Decline and Fall of Byzantium to the Ottoman Turks (Detroit, 1975)

  Ekthesis Chronike ("ExeEQIS Xpovw ), ed. Sp. P. Lambros, Ecthesis Chronica and Chronicon Athenarum (London, 19oz)

  Eugenikos, John, Address to the Emperor Constantine, ed. Lambros, PP, I, pp. 123-4; Advice to the Despot Theodore Palaiologos, ed. Lambros, PP. I, pp. 67-111; Lament on the destruction of the Hexamilion wall (1446), ed. G. Mercati, Opere Minori, IV (Studi e Testi, 79: Vatican City, 1937), pp. 25-8; Monodia on the fall of Constantinople, ed. Lambros, NE, 5 (1908), 109-269

  Evliya Chelebi, Travels, translated by J. von Hammer, Narrative of Travels in Europe, Asia, and Africa in the Seventeenth Century by Evliya Efendi (London, 1846)

  Filippo da Rimini, Letter, ed. Pertusi-Carile, Testi, pp. 128-42

  Gemistos, George Plethon, Funeral Oration on the Empress Helena Palaiologina, ed. Lambros, PP, III, pp. z6o-8o

  Gennadios, George Scholarios, Euvres completes de Gennade Scholarios, ed. L. Petit, X. A. Siderides, M. Jugie, 8 vols. (Paris, 1928-36)

  Funeral Oration on the Empress Helena Palaiologina, ed. Lambros, PP, II, PP. 40-51; ed. Scholarios, (Euvres completes, 1, pp. z62-70

  Georgillas (Pseudo-), Threnos, ed. A. Ellissen, Analekten, III (Leipzig, 1857), pp. 106-249; ed. W. Wagner, Medieval Greek Texts (London, 1876), pp. 141-70; ed. E. Legrand, Bibliotheque grecque vulgaire, I (Paris, 188o), pp. 169-202

  Gregoras, Nikephoros, Byzantina Historia, ed. L. Schopen, 3 vols. (Bonn, 18z9-55)

  Hierax, Threnos, ed. C. N. Sathas, Meaaiwvnd
) BtPN10eixrl, I (Venice, 1871), PP. Z43--68; ed. P. A. Dethier, Monumenta Hungariae Historica, XXI, i (Pera, 1875), PP- 354-99

  Ibn Kemal, ed. (with Tursun Beg) Pertusi, Caduta, 1, pp. 307-31

  Isidore of Kiev, Letters, ed. Pertusi, Caduta, I, pp. 92.-ioo

  John de Lastic, Grand Master of Rhodes, Letter, ed. N. Jorga, Notes et Extraits, II, pp. 520-1

  Kallistos, Andronikos, Monodia on the unfortunate Constantinople, ed. Lambros, NE, 5 (1908), 203-18; ed. (in part) Pertusi, Caduta, II, pp. 353-63

  Kantakouzenos (Cantacuzenus), John, Historiae, ed. L. Schopen, 3 vols. (Bonn, 1828-32)

  Katadoukinos, Demetrios (Katablattas), Address to Constantine Palaiologos, ed. P. Canivet and N. Oikonomides, `[John Argyropoulos] La Comedie de Katablattas. Invective byzantine du XVe siecle', Diptycha, 3 (1982.-3), 85-6

  Kritoboulos, Critobuli Imbriotae Historiae, ed. D. R. Reinsch (Berlin-New York, 1983); translated by C. T. Riggs, History of Mehmed the Conqueror by Kritovoulos (Princeton, N.J., 1954)

  Langhusci, Giacomo, Excidio e presa di Costantinopoll, ed. Pertusi-Carile, Testi, pp. 169-80 (dalla Cronica di Zorzi Dolfin)

  Laskaris, Constantine, Chronicle, 'AVeKSo-ros a6voyns ia-roprwv, ed. Sp. P. Lambros, 'ETrla-rrluovIKTl 'Erre-rrlpis. 'EOVtKOV TravE-rra-rljµrov, 111: 1906-7 (Athens, 1909), 150-217

  Leonardo of Chios, Archbishop of Mitylene, Letter to Pope Nicholas V, ed. MPG, CLIX, cols. 92.3-44; ed. Pertusi, Caduta, 1, pp. 120-71

  Manuel II, Emperor, Letters of Manuel 11 Palaeologus. Text, Translation and Notes, ed. G. T. Dennis (Dumbarton Oaks Texts, IV: Washington, D.C., 1977)

  Mehmed Neshri, History, ed. Pertusi, Caduta, II, pp. z61-6 (Italian translation)

  Mihailovic, Constantine, of Ostrovica, ed. Pertusi, Caduta, 1, pp. z56-6o; translated by B. A. Stolz, Konstantin Mihailovic, Memoirs of a Janissary (Michigan, 1975)

  Montagu, Mary W., ed. R. Halsband, The Complete Letters of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, 3 vols. (Oxford, 1965-7)

  Nestor Iskinder, Report on Constantinople, ed. Pertusi, Caduta, 1, pp. 267-98 (Italian translation); ed. U. M. Braun and A. M. Schneider, Bericht fiber die Eroberung Konstantinopels nach der Nikon-Chronik ubersetzt and erlatitert (Leipzig, 1943)

  Nicola della Tuccia, Cronaca di Viterbo, ed. Pertusi-Carile, Testi, pp. 96-100

  Phrantzes (Pseudo-), Chronicon maius (see Sphrantzes, George)

  Pius 11, Pope. Pii Il pontificis maximi de captione urbis Constantinopolitanae tractatulus (n.d., Rome: Steph. Plannck [c. 1470]); ed. P. A. Dethier, 'Monuments Hungariae Historica, XXI, i (Pera, 1875), pp. 674-85

  ------------- Memoirs of a Renaissance Pope. The Commentaries of Pius 11, translated by Florence A. Gragg, ed. by Leona Gabel (London, 1960)

  Pusculo, Ubertino, Ubertini Pusculi Brixiensis Constantinopoleos Libri IV, ed. A. Ellissen, Analekten der mittel- and neugriechischen Literatur, 111, Appendix (Leipzig, 1857), pp. 12-83

  Richerius (Richer), Christophe, Christophorus Richerius ad Franciscum Gallorum Regent Christianiss. libri quinque, De Rebus Turcarum (Paris, -1540)

  Sa'ad Ed-Din, History, ed. Pertusi, Caduta, II, pp. 282-9 (Italian translation); English translation by E. J. W. Gibb, The Capture of Constantinople (Glasgow, 1879)

  Sagundino (Secundinus), Nicola, Ad ... regem Alfonsum Nicolai Sagundini oratio, ed. Pertusi, Caduta, II, pp. 128-41

  Samile (Samuel), Bishop, Letter, ed. Jorga, Notes et Extraits, IV, pp. 65-8; ed. Pertusi, Caduta, pp. zz8-31 (Italian translation)

  Sansovino, Francesco, Historia Universale dell'Origine, Guerre, et Imperio de Turchi (Venice, 1654)

  Scholarios, George, see Gennadios

  Soemmern, Heinrich de, Qualiter urbs Constantino polls ... a Turcis depre- data fuit et subiugata, ed. Jorga, Notes et Extraits, III, pp. 307-15; ed. Pertusi, Caduta, II, pp. 82-97

  Spandounes, Theodoro Spandugnino, Patritio Constantinopolitano, De la origine deli Imperatori Ottomani, ordine dela Corte, forma del guerreggiare loro, religione, rito, et costumi dela natione, ed. C. N. Sathas, Mvr1i. is 'E?TtivixijS 'IkTOpiaS. Documents inedits relatifs a l'histoire de la Grece au moyen age, IX (Paris, 1890) ; partial French paraphrase ed. by C. Schefer, Petit Traicte de l'origine des Turcqz par Theodore Spandouyn Cantacasin (Paris, 1896)

  Sphrantzes, George, Chronicon minus. Georgios Sphrantzes, Memorii 1401-1477. In anexd Pseudo-Phrantzes: Macarie Melissenos, Cronica 1258-1481, ed. V. Grecu (Bucharest, 1966)

  Stefano Magno, Estratti degli Annali Veneti di Stefano Magno, ed. C. Hopf, Chroniques greco-romanes (Berlin, 1873), pp. 179-209

  Syropoulos, Sylvester, Les `Memoires' du grand Ecclesiarque de l'Eglise de Constantinople Sylvestre Syropoulos sur le Concile de Florence (1438-1439), ed. V. Laurent (Rome, 1971)

  Tafur, Pero, Andanyes a Viajes de Pero Tafur por diversas partes del mundo avidos (1435-1439) (Madrid, 2874); translated by M. Letts, Pero Tafur, Travels and Adventures, 1435-1439 (London, 2926)

  Tedaldi, Jacopo, On the Capture of Constantinople 1453, ed. Pertusi, Caduta, 1, pp. 175-89; translated by J. R. Melville Jones, The Siege of Constantinople 1453. Seven Contemporary Accounts (Amsterdam, 1972), PP. 1-10

  Thomas Eparchos and Joshua Diplovatatzes (?), Account of the Capture of Constantinople, ed. Pertusi, Caduta, 1, pp. 234-9

  Tignosi da Foligno, Niccolo, Expugnatio Constantinopolitana, ed. Pertusi- Carile, Testi, pp. 102-2I

  Tursun Beg, The History of Mehmed the Conqueror by Tursun Beg, ed. and translated by H. Inalcik and Rhoads Murphey (Minneapolis-Chicago, 1978) ; ed. Pertusi, Caduta, 1, pp. 307-31 (Italian translation)

  Zachariadou, Elizabeth, A., To XpovtKO -r &v TotipKCOV 20VAT6vwv ... KaTa To 'ITa?tKO TOU rrpoTVTro (Thessaloniki, 1960)

  MODERN WORKS

  1453-1953, Le Cinq-Centieme Anniversaire de la Prise de Constantinople. (L'Hellenisme Contemporain, zeme serie, 7eme annee. Fascicule hors serie (Athens, z9 May 1953))

  Adams, J. H., `Theodore Palaeologus', Journal of the Royal Institution of Cornwall, n.s., 6:z (Truro, 1970), 95-110

  Alexander, P. J., The Byzantine Apocalyptic Tradition (Berkeley-Los Angeles-London, 1985)

  Allatius, Leo, De ecclesiae occidentalis atque orientalis perpetua consensione (Coloniae Agrippinae, 1648)

  Babinger, F., Mehmed the Conqueror and his Time, translated by R. Manheim, ed. C. Hickman (Princeton, N.J., 1978)

  Banduri, A., Imperium Orientale sive Antiquitates Constantinopolitanae (Paris, 1711)

  Barker, J. W., Manuel Il Palaeologus (139r-1425). A Study in Late Byzantine Statesmanship (New Brunswick, N.J., 1969)

  Beales, A. C. F., `The Irish King of Greece', Journal of Hellenic Studies, 51 (1931), 101-5

  Bees, N. A., I-IEpi TOU 19T0PTIPEVOV XPTl9µ0?0Yl0U TTIS KpaTlKtls plp?toeTIKTIS Tou BEpo?ivov (Codex Graecus fol. 6z-z97) Kai Tou epJTov Tou "Mappapo vov paalala", BNJ, 13 (1937), 203-44T`

  Beldiceanu, N., `Un Paleologue inconnu de la region de Serres', B, 41 (1971), 5-17

  Bendall, S. and Donald, P. J., The Later Palaeologan Coinage (London, 1979)

  Bien, P., J. Rassias, C. Yiannakou-Bien and C. Alexiou, Demotic Greek, II: 'O 'ITrTQIIEVOS a apoS (University Press of New England: Hanover and London, 1982)

  Bierbrier, M. L., `Modern Descendants of Byzantine Families', Genealogists' Magazine, zo:3 (1980), 85-96

  Bizyinos, George, Poems, ed. 1. M. Panagiotopoulos (BaatKrl BtpTtoOr1Krl: Athens, 1954)

  Bodnar, E. W., Cyriacus of Ancona and Athens (Collection Latomus, XLIII) (Brussels, 1960)

  `The Isthmian Fortifications in Oracular Prophecy', American Journal of Archaeology, 64 (1960), 165-71

  Bogiatzides, I., To 4TITT1pa TfS QTE1yEws KWVaTaVTIVOU Tou IlaaaloA6yov, Laographica, 7 (1923), 449-56

  Bon, A., La Moree franque, z vols. (Paris, 1969)

  Burke, B., Vicissitudes of Families, and Other Essays, by Sir Bernard Burke, Ulster King of Arms, 2nd edn (London, 1859)

  Carnoy, H. and J. Nicolaides, Folklore de Constantinople (Paris, 1894)

  Carroll, Margaret, A Contemporary Greek Source for the Siege of Constantinople 1453: The Sphran
tzes Chronicle (Amsterdam, 1985)

  'Constantine XI Palaeologus: Some Problems of Image', Maistor, Classical, Byzantine and Renaissance Studies for Robert Browning, ed. Ann Moffatt (Canberra, 1984), PP. 329-43

  Cerone, F.,'La politics orientate di Alfonso di Aragona', Archivio storico per le province napoletane, 27 (190z), 430-1

  Christophilopoulou, Aikaterini, 'EK2oyil, avayop£vQIS Kai O'TEy)I5 TOv Bv4avTlvou JT0KPaT0P0S (Athens, 1956)

  Chrysostomos, 'Constantine XI', The Patristic and Byzantine Review, 3 (1984), 18-38

  Collin de Plancy, J. A. S., La Prise de Constantinople par Mahomet II; Roman historique; traduit du Grec Moderne, z vols. (Paris, 1819)